FUW TRENDS IN SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(A Peer Review Journal)
e–ISSN: 2408–5162; p–ISSN: 2048–5170
keywords: Consumption, nutrional alterations, Azadirachta indica, Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, Zea mays
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the main pest of maize in the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico. Neem plant (Azadirachta indicaL.) has been used for its control, with good results; however, it is necessary to evaluate new alternatives from other plant extracts, as well as environmental factors that can affect the amount of secondary metabolites. The objective of this present work was to evaluate the efficacy of aqueous extracts prepared from fresh leaves of A. iIndica (Ai), Gliricidia sepium (Gs) and Leucaena leucocephala (Ll), pure and combined for the control of S. frugiperda under in vitro conditions. Two bioassays were established and six treatments were evaluated: 1) Ai, 2) Gs, 3) Ll, 4) Ai + L1, 5) Ai + Gs, and 6) Ai + Ll + Gs and a control group. Treatments were applied at the beginning and half of the bioassay during a period of eight days. At the end of the bioassay growth and food consumption of the larvae, nutritional disorders, and the efficacy of the plant extracts it was measured. The lowest weight of the larvae treated with the extracts in comparison with the control. Also, the lowest food consumption was for the extracts of Ai, Ll, Ai + Ll, Ai + Gs and Ai + Ll + Gs, and the highest for the control.The larvae exposed to the treatments Ai + Ll, Ai + Gs and Ai + Ll + Gs presented a lower consumption index, larval growth and food utilization index in relation to the control group. The pure extracts of L. leucocephala and the combined A. indica with L. leucocephala increased efficiency compared to the other treatments. It is concluded that the best efficacy values were for extracts of A. indica with L. leucocephala and L. leucocephala. Therefore, they represent a good organic alternative for the control of S. frugiperda in the south of Quintana Roo.
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